Evaluation of Association between the Prevalence and Severity of Periodontal Diseases and Abo Blood Groups among Nepalese Adults

S Background: Periodontal disease is one of the two major dental diseases that affect human populations worldwide at high prevalence rates. Although it is primarily caused by bacterial plaque, its incidence and severity is modified by an individual’s inflammatory response, systemic health, and various local factors that predispose to plaque accumulation. The correlation between some systemic disease and ABO blood group is well documented in the literature, little investigations has been made to explore the relationships between ABO blood groups and the incidence of oral and dental diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ABO blood group and periodontal disease prevalence and severity among Nepalese adults. Materials and Methods: A total of 553 systemically healthy patients aged between 20 to 65 years were selected. Details of medical history, probing pocket depth (PD), loss of clinical attachment level (CAL) and number of missing teeth were recorded. Results: A relatively higher percentage of blood group B and O patients have greater proving pocket depth (4.09 mm and 3.45 mm) and clinical attachment level (2.42 mm and 1.50 mm). Similarly Probing pocket depth and loss of clinical attachment level was significantly higher among Rhesus positive groups when compared with Rhesus negative groups (p= 0.000). Conclusion: Significant correlation between the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and blood groups existed in this study. This broad correlation between periodontal disease and ABO blood group points toward the susceptibility of subjects with certain blood groups to periodontal disease. However, long-term studies with greater sample size are required to make more comprehensive assessment of this association.